The purpose of this study is to clearly identify factors affecting online teaching management in vocational education institutions. Studies have shown that there are many factors affecting online teaching management in vocational education institutions. However, at each different time, the impact factors are not the same. At the present time, in the context of globalization and international integration, this study has pointed out five impact factors, which are the impact from the current context of the 4.0 industrial revolution; impacts from integration trends, international cooperation and labor market requirements; impacts from policies on vocational education, from management mechanisms and capacity of management staff at vocational education institutions; impact from the qualities and abilities of teachers and students, from the content, methods and forms of online teaching organization at vocational education institutions; Impact from facilities and conditions to ensure online teaching activities at vocational education institutions. Using qualitative research methods, this study shows that factors play unequal roles in the process of influencing online teaching management in vocational education institutions.