The objective of this experimental investigation was to examine the efficacy of eugenol. Against arthritis induced by complete Freund's Adjuvants (CFA) injected subcutaneously into the hind paw of the experimental rat model. Macroscopic clinical indication of Polyarthritis shows first erythema and edema in the hind paws of rat. Groups of this experiment were divided as follows, first groups was positive control while second and third groups received daily treatment with eugenol and dexamethasone orally via intragastric tube at doses (10 mg/ and 1mg/ Kg) respectively for 7 days. The initiation of treatment occurred on the day 7 from the day of induction of arthritis and continued up to day 14, at which point the rats were each sacrificed. The left and right paw volume variations were all measured on different days up to 14 days and after14 days, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin -10, and histopathological change were measured. Significant reduction (P≤0.05) in the development of edema in the hind paw was observed in the group treated with eugenol compared to dexamethasone and positive control groups. The histological examination revealed that the groups treated with eugenol had a normal articular cartilage and joint cavity, in contrast to the other group. Furthermore, eugenol maintained normal levels of the cytokine markers as inflammatory indicators, with significant difference from control groups. consequently, the results of the current investigation indicate that eugenol can be used as anti-inflammatory treatments and can be used as a beneficial adjuvant in the treatment of human arthritis.