This paper aims to provide an in-depth comparative study of the philosophies of Aristotle and Al-Kindi, focusing on the mutual influences between them. Aristotle, who was raised in ancient Greece, established numerous philosophical concepts that deeply influenced Western thought. Conversely, Al-Kindi, who emerged within the Islamic world, played a pivotal role in translating and developing Greek philosophy within an Islamic framework. The paper explores the similarities and differences in their philosophical methodologies, their concepts of the mind and soul, and the impact each had on the development of philosophy and science within their respective civilizations. It also discusses how Al-Kindi integrated Aristotelian philosophy with Islamic thought and the subsequent influence on Islamic philosophy. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach and reached the following conclusions: Both Aristotle and Al-Kindi utilized advanced philosophical methodologies that included logical thinking and critical analysis, despite their different cultural contexts. Aristotle focused on dividing the soul into vegetative, animal, and rational parts, whereas Al-Kindi focused on dividing the mind into various types, including potential intellect and acquired intellect. Aristotle significantly shaped Western philosophy, while Al-Kindi contributed to the transmission and development of Greek philosophy within the Islamic framework, enriching philosophical and scientific thought in the Islamic world. While Aristotle worked within a purely philosophical framework, Al-Kindi combined philosophy with Islamic religious teachings, adding a religious and ethical dimension to his philosophy.