Abstract: Introduction: Thyroid infections are rare clinical situations. These include acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST), including abscesses, where the most common infectious agents are gram-positive cocci, thyroid abscesses caused by gram-negative aerobes are rare, as is the case with salmonella. Case Report: We report a case of 50 years old female patient who presented with a painful cervical swelling, evolving since2 weeks, diagnosed as thyroid abscess due to salmonella enterica which revealed a previously undiagnosed diabetes. The abscess was treated by surgical drainage with double systemic antibiotic therapy. Discussion and conclusion: Thyroid abscesses are rare, and salmonella bacteria are an exceptional cause. This type of infection is favored by situations of immunodepression, such as diabetes, especially if undiagnosed or untreated.