This study examined how learning orientation shapes the organizational agility of small and medium-sized businesses in Rivers State, Nigeria, especially when entrepreneurial orientation is moderating. Many SMEs are encountering considerable difficulties staying flexible and competitive, especially with all the changes in the economy and regulations. To get real insights, the research used cross-sectional survey, gathering data from 167 SME owners using a well-structured questionnaire and being grounded in dynamic capabilities theory. Data analyzed by regression method. The reliability scores (Cronbach Alpha) comfortably above the 0.7 benchmark. The results showed that learning orientation matters a lot. When teams share a common vision, stay committed to growth, and remain open to new perspectives, they adapt quickly and make smart moves as the business landscape shifts. As SMEs lean into entrepreneurial behaviours like embracing innovation and not being afraid to take risks, the positive link between learning and organizational agility gets stronger. When SMEs add entrepreneurial orientation to the connection linking learning orientation and organizational agility, performance and sustainability become superior. If SMEs want to thrive, they need to build a learning culture, be willing to experiment, and let data guide their decisions.