One of the important advancement in pharmaceutical technology that attempts to improve the effectiveness and safety of therapeutic interventions is smart drug delivery systems. To distribute medications in a regulated, focused, and flexible way, these systems combine cutting-edge materials, microelectronics, and responsive mechanisms. The aim to increase patient compliance, reduce side effects, and maximize therapeutic results is what motivates the development of intelligent drug delivery systems. These innovative delivery methods make use of a variety of drug carriers, such as monoclonal antibodies, microspheres, dendrimers, liposomes, lipoproteins, and nanoparticle systems like inorganic nanoparticles (such as magnetic nanoparticles and quantum dots). It is critically examined how smart drug delivery technologies might transform personalized medicine and enhance therapeutic approaches. This study examines current developments in smart drug delivery, emphasizing important technologies as stimuli-responsive delivery platforms, polymeric systems, and carriers based on nanoparticles. The methods of drug release, including pH-sensitive, temperature-sensitive, and physiologically triggered systems, are highlighted. Furthermore, the incorporation of feedback mechanisms and real-time monitoring is examined, demonstrating how these systems can modify drug release rates in reaction to physiological shifts. Through clever and flexible drug delivery options, this review seeks to give a thorough overview of cutting-edge technology and their implications for improving healthcare.