This research explores the mechanisms that sustain capitalist reproduction through a Marxist analytical framework, with particular attention to the concepts of use value, exchange value, and sign exchange value. Situating the discussion within the historical emergence of Karl Marx’s communist movement, the paper examines Marx’s ideological struggle against capitalism and traces the development of Marxist thought as a response to capitalist modes of production. It analyzes how capitalism continually regenerates itself by transforming social relations, labour, and commodities into systems of value accumulation. By critically interrogating these interconnected forms of value, the study reveals the internal dynamics through which capitalism maintains its dominance across historical phases. It is a qualitative research based on closed textual analysis method. The paper ultimately argues that understanding capitalist reproduction requires an integrated analysis of material, economic, and symbolic value systems within a Marxist lens.