The experiment was conducted during the 2022–2023 growing season at the Research Station of the Horticulture and Landscape Engineering Department, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, to evaluate the effect of planting dates on growth and yield traits of three kale cultivars. The study included two factors: sowing date (15 September and 1 October 2022) and cultivar (Nero di Toscana, Blue Curled Scotch, and Dwarf Siberian). The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) as a factorial with split-plot arrangement, where planting dates were assigned to main plots and cultivars to sub-plots. Mean comparisons were performed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at P≤0.05. Results indicated significant differences due to planting dates. The 15 September sowing date was superior in most vegetative and yield traits, recording plant height (45.62 cm), stem diameter (27.94 mm), leaf area (2198.3 cm²), total yield per plant (518.40 g), and total yield (16.98 t ha⁻¹). In contrast, 1 October showed higher germination percentage (60.87%) and germination speed (4.72 seeds day⁻¹). Among cultivars, Nero di Toscana achieved the highest germination percentage (64.83%) and plant height (45.38 cm). Dwarf Siberian surpassed other cultivars in stem diameter (29.88 mm), leaf area (1668.4 cm²), and total yield (14.21 t ha⁻¹). The interaction of 15 September × Nero di Toscana gave the highest germination (87.56%) and plant height (56.63 cm). Meanwhile, 15 September × Blue Curled Scotch produced the greatest leaf area (4016.2 cm²). No significant differences were observed among interactions for stem diameter, total yield per plant, and total yield. The 1 October × Dwarf Siberian interaction showed the highest germination rate (6.20 seeds day⁻¹).