The present cross-sectional study addresses the molecular epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strains isolated from pneumonia patients, recruited from Al-Diwaniyah teaching hospital from January 2025 to May 2025, regarding the presence of some carbapenemase and extended spectrum β -lactamase (ESBL) resistance genes using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Biochemical profile (VITEK2 system) and molecular identification (16S rRNA gene sequence analysis) of the isolated clinical strains confirmed their affiliation to K. pneumoniae sensu stricto with 20% prevalence among the cohort study patients. ESBL resistant genes showed frequency of occurrence 55, 70, and 75% for blaCTX-M8, blaTEM, and blaSHV, respectively. Serine Carbapenemase (Class A) exhibited 5 and 50% frequency of occurrence for blaKPC and blaIMI, respectively. MBL (Metallo-β-lactamase, Class B) – Carbapenemase displayed 5, 5, 10, and 50% for blaIMP, blaGIM, blaVIM, and blaNDM, respectively. Class D Carbapenemases showed 60% frequency of occurrence for blaOXA-48. Finally, the rCSA carbapenemase exhibited 90% frequency of occurrence. The current findings evidence an alarming increase regarding the circulation of ESBL and carbapenemase resistant genes harbored by K. pneumoniae sensu stricto clinical strains in the Al-Diwaniyah region. These findings underline a crucial obligation to re-evaluate the practical antimicrobial therapy approaches targeting pulmonary diseases caused by K. pneumoniae clinical strains in the Al-Diwaniyah region, to fight the growing circulation of ESBL and carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae clinical strains.