Soil contamination by crude oil is considered one of the major environmental problems because of its harmful effects on plants and soil ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of Calligonum comosum for the phytoremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil and to investigate its ability to accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons under different contamination levels. Soil samples (5 Kg each) were contaminated with crude oil obtained from the Shaybah Oil Field at concentrations of 20, 40, 60, and 80 g/Kg (w/w). Each pot was planted with four cuttings of Calligonum comosum (4 cm length). Several soil properties, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture content, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), were analysed before and during the experiments at 45, 90, and 120 days. Hydrocarbon accumulation in plant tissue was also evaluated. The results showed a gradual reduction in TPH concentration in contaminated soils over time. Calligonum comosum demonstrated considerable tolerance to crude oil contamination and the ability to accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons across varying contamination levels, indicating its potential for phytoremediation of oil-polluted soil.