Surgical Site Infection (SSIs) remain a major cause of postoperative morbidity worldwide. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 167 surgical patients at Chattogram General Hospital, Bangladesh, from September to December 2016 to assess the prevalence and determinants of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs). Data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The prevalence of SSIs was 17.0%. Significant host-related factors included age, education, Body Mass Index, glycemic status, nutritional status, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and fever, while gender showed no significant association. Procedure-related factors such as prolonged hospital stay, duration of surgery, type of incision, cadre of surgeon, antibiotic use, presence of septic focus, and wound contamination were significantly associated with SSIs. However, type of operation and sutures materials were not associated. The findings highlight the multifactorial nature of SSIs and emphasized the need for strengthened infection prevention and control strategies in resource-limited settings.