Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be specified as a significant health issue around the world, with considerable level of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD include cardiac arrhythmias caused by structural cardiac abnormalities, autonomic dysfunction, electrolyte imbalance, uremic toxin accumulation. There is some emerging evidence that renal biomarkers especially cystatin C can offer useful information on cardiovascular risk assessment in CKD patients. Nonetheless, the correlation between renal dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, and cardiac arrhythmias and cystatin C levels is not fully established. Objective: In this work, the aim was studying the relations between cardiac arrhythmias, in addition to chronic kidney disease, assessing epidemiological patterns, clinical manifestations, serum cystatin C, and electrolyte biomarkers in CKD patients. Methods: A total of 120 participants (60 CKD patients with reported cardiac arrhythmias and 60 age- and sex-matched CKD patients without arrhythmias (control group)) were involved in a case-control study. Structured interviews and review of the medical records were used to collect demographic data, medical history, and clinical characteristics. Serum cystatin C levels and electrolyte levels, such as potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca 2+), sodium (Na+), and phosphate (PO43-), were determined by routine laboratory tests. Electrocardiographic tests were conducted to diagnose and categorize arrhythmia. Results: Patients with cardiac arrhythmias had significantly elevated serum cystatin C levels in comparison to controls (p < 0.001). Among patients with arrhythmias in CKD, electrolyte abnormalities, especially hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia were more common (p < 0.05). Also, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that cystatin C, serum potassium increased and calcium decreased were independent predictors regarding cardiac arrhythmias in the CKD patients. Furthermore, the most common arrhythmias were atrial fibrillation and ventricular premature complexes. Conclusion: Cardiac arrhythmias extremely common in CKD patients as well as strongly linked to compromised renal functionality, high levels of cystatin C and electrolyte disturbances. Cystatin C seems to be a potentially valuable biomarker in distinguishing CKD patients at higher risk of arrhythmias. Renal function monitoring and electrolyte disorders correction at an early stage could enhance cardiovascular outcomes and decrease the number of complications with arrhythmia in this population at risk.