Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide most especially in Nigeria. To access the possibility of detecting a more sensitive biomarker for early detection of renal disease in HIV/AIDS patients. Patients who are willing were randomly sellected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum creatinine, Cystatin C and Urea were evaluated in two hundred newly diagnosed HIV seropositive patients, two hundred HIV/AIDS patients on therapy (CD4<250), two hundred HIV/AIDS on therapy (CD4>250) and one hundred and fifty apparently healthy HIV seronegative individuals as control using standard method. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software package.Correlation study was by Pearsons Correlation Coefficient. Results were expressed as mean + SEM. Student t-test was used to compare differences between means. Results shows a significant increase in the levels of creatinine, cystatin c and urea levels in newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients when compared with control groups p<0.05. There was no significant diference in other parameters in both groups p>0.05. There was a significant diference between the values of creatinine, cystatin c and urea recorded in HIV/AIDS patients with CD4 count of < 250 cells/µl when compared with control group p<0.05. There were no significant difference in other parameters recorded in both groups p>0.05. There was a significant diference between the values of creatinine,cystatin c and urea recorded in HIV/AIDS patients with CD4 count of > 250 cells/µl when compared with control group p<0.05. There were no significant difference in other parameters recorded both groups p>0.05. It could be concluded from this study that cystatin c could be used as a sensitive renal marker for early detection of renal disease in HIV/AIDS patients.