Ulrich Weisstein is considered one the pillars of comparative literature. He has a Ph.D. in comparative literature (1954) from IU. He was one of the first to do so from the IU Comparative Literature Program. In his famous book, Comparative Literature and Literary Theory, He attempts to draw the line between different concepts like comparative, national, and world literatures. He dedicates long chapters to explain genres throughout histories as well as movements. He belongs the French school of comparative literature in which he believes that there is transference of impact between the influencer and the influenced by. In this article, Weisstein is not only a writer, but also, a historian who traces back concepts like stof, motif, genre, movement, and school. He differentiates, compares and presents his viewpoint of World Literature (WL), National Literature (NL) and Comparative Literature (CL).

English is considered one of the most challenging languages in the world due to its complex structure and rich grammar, which significantly impact the teaching and learning process. Additionally, globalisation's influence has increased the importance and widespread use of the English language, especially in educational and professional fields. English literature opens the gate to all aspects and structures of the English language. It is written coherently, enabling students to learn the language successfully. English literature is written to educate audiences on how to navigate the world around us, regardless of differences in positions and jobs. It helps the audience, especially students in intermediate schools, learn how to read, write, listen, and speak, as their age allows them to absorb a wide range of topics. Literary texts are composed of poetry, prose, etc., characterised by artistic beauty that influences both the listener and the reader. They serve as a vessel for good literary heritage and can be used to develop linguistic, expressive, stylistic, and aesthetic skills among students. As cultural and humanistic material, studying them helps learners understand human nature. Literary texts represent a learning process aimed at intentionally changing learners' cognitive, psychological, social, and perceptual behaviours. Additionally, as linguistic material, they aim to contribute to proper pronunciation, effective performance, eloquent delivery, accurate understanding of what is heard or read, and enriching the learners' vocabulary, which leads to achieving the goal.

Introduction: Paraquat is a leading cause of herbicide-related fatalities worldwide. Its high mortality rate is attributed to its inherent generation of ROS-mediated toxicity, and lack of effective treatment till date. Lutein is an antioxidant with free radical scavenging ability, which may contribute to its protective effects and possible DNA preservation. Objective: The study is evaluating the effects of lutein on body weights and hepato-renal antioxidant capacity with DNA quantification following paraquat toxicity in wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-180g) rats were randomly divided into five equal groups (A-E). Paraquat toxicity was induced in Groups B-E with 5mg/kg for three days. Group A received normal saline only, while Group B was given paraquat only. Thereafter, Groups C-E received varying doses of lutein (50, 100, 150mg/kg) for 21 days. Their body weights were recorded twice weekly using a digital balance. The animals were sacrificed and their liver with kidneys were excised and processed. The photomicrographs were taken at various magnifications while Image J software was employed for DNA densities. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was assessed by Prieto method. Results: There was significant reductions in the body weights, (p=0.00) hepato-renal DNA densities (p=0.00, p=0.01) and antioxidant capacities of the PQ-only group relative to the positive control A in both liver and kidneys (p-0.01, p=0.02). However, the lutein-treated groups had dose-dependent similar features with the control, which had normal histo-morphological feature. The highest dose of lutein showed the best correlation with the control. Conclusion: This study showed significant alterations in body weights, hepato-renal DNA densities and antioxidant capacities especially in the PQ-only group. Meanwhile, the lutein-treated groups, especially at high dosages, showed significant improvements in the indices similar to the control. Hence, lutein may be a useful agent for attenuating paraquat toxicity.

The Lion's Mane mushroom, which has the scientific name Hericium erinaceus, can be defined as a medicinal fungus type. For very long time, it has been utilized in the conventional medicine in Asia for a variety of purposes. In the past few years, there had been a great deal of interest directed towards potential benefits to the health, which could be provided by this unique type of mushroom in particular, when it comes to the treatment of various diseases. The concentration will be focused on examining the way that Hericium erinaceus as well as its bioactive elements could be utilized for therapeutic purposes within the area od disease control. This review states the possible Hericium erinaceus advantages in cases that are related to some health issues, such as metabolic problems, gastrointestinal diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune system problems. In addition to that, the present paper discusses the work that is used for providing the therapeutic effects. It is stated that some of the characteristics of the Hericium erinaceus include having anti-inflammatory, neuro-protective, anti-oxidant, and immune-modulatory effects. Even though more studies are needed for detailed understanding of all the mechanisms that are involved in its activities, presenting evidences that strongly suggest possible Hericium erinaceus uses as one of the natural cures for a variety of illnesses, it is known as well in some cases as lion's mane mushroom, which fungus type that comes with extensive history and many potential advantages. As a result of its distinctive morphology, including bio-active compounds, in addition to its conventional uses have combined to the generation of much interest in a variety of areas. More research is needed for full understanding of the way that it works for the therapeutic applications and its potential implementations in the area of nutrition, cooking, and medicine. The cultivation of Hericium erinaceus might be viewed as an activity of conservation and business production.

The Buschke-Lowestein tumor, also known as giant condyloma acuminatum, is a neoplasm affecting the anogenital region. It is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). The lesion is characteristically slow-growing and warts-like, with a propensity for occurrence in the anogenital region. The preferred management approach is surgical resection. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the optimal use of radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, and topical agents.