The evolution of implant-supported prosthetic restorations has been driven strongly by the pursuit of improved biomechanical stability, biological compatibility, and aesthetic integration. While titanium and cobalt-chromium alloys remain the conventional choice due to their proven strength and corrosion resistance, limitations related to soft tissue interaction and esthetics have accelerated the transition toward advanced ceramic alternatives, particularly zirconia. Zirconia implants and abutments demonstrate favorable biological responses and excellent esthetics; however, their inherent brittleness and reduced fracture resistance under functional loading remain critical concerns. To overcome these challenges, zirconia–titanium hybrid abutments have emerged as a promising solution, uniting the strength of titanium with the soft-tissue and esthetic advantages of zirconia. Parallel to these developments, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, such as selective laser melting (SLM) and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), have enabled the fabrication of highly precise and patient-specific prosthetic frameworks. Evidence indicates that AM-produced titanium infrastructures exhibit mechanical properties equal to or superior to those of conventional casting, while additively manufactured zirconia, despite having lower flexural strength compared to subtractively manufactured zirconia, demonstrates promising clinical applicability. Clinical outcomes highlight restoration-type-specific complication patterns, with screw loosening, veneer chipping, and peri-implant inflammation being the most frequently observed. Furthermore, advances in surface optimization, digital workflows, and artificial intelligence–assisted planning are contributing to enhanced long-term clinical performance. Despite these innovations, limitations persist regarding the standardization of AM protocols, the availability of long-term clinical data, and comprehensive patient-specific risk assessment. Future directions should prioritize multicenter longitudinal studies, advanced biomechanical simulations, and the integration of next-generation materials with digital technologies to optimize both biomechanical and biological outcomes of implant-supported prosthetic restorations.

Objective: In recent years, the increasing adoption of fully digital workflows in dentistry (intraoral scanning → CAD/CAM design → 3D printing) has profoundly transformed clinical procedures, particularly in implant-supported restorations. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the effects of fully digital workflows, compared to conventional methods, on marginal fit, occlusal accuracy, biomechanical durability, patient satisfaction, and complication rates. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective clinical studies, and in vitro/clinical comparative studies published between 2015 and 2025. Study selection criteria were determined according to the PRISMA guidelines. Data extracted from the included studies were analyzed using a meta-analysis approach to compare the clinical performance of fully digital and conventional workflows in implant-supported restorations. Results: A total of 18 studies (n = 965 restorations) were analyzed. The meta-analysis results revealed that fully digital workflows provided, on average, 25–35 µm better marginal fit, demonstrated comparable performance to conventional methods in terms of occlusal fit, and offered a clear advantage in biomechanical durability, particularly with 3D printing-supported hybrid structures. Patient satisfaction was found to be significantly higher, mainly due to shorter treatment time and improved impression comfort. No statistically significant differences were observed in complication rates. Conclusion: The findings suggest that fully digital workflows in implant-supported restorations provide significant advantages in terms of clinical accuracy, patient comfort, and procedural efficiency. However, further prospective long-term clinical studies are needed to monitor long-term biomechanical durability and material-related complications.

This case report presents the successful aesthetic rehabilitation of the anterior maxilla using a fixed partial denture with integrated gingival porcelain to address both white and pink aesthetics in a patient with significant ridge defects. A 23-year-old patient presented with missing maxillary left central and lateral incisors (21,22) and mobile right central and lateral incisors (11,12), along with a Siebert's Class III ridge defect characterized by both vertical and horizontal bone loss. Following extraction of the compromised mobile teeth and complete tissue healing, maxillary canines (13,23) were prepared as abutments for a fixed partial denture. Gingival porcelain was incorporated into the prosthetic design to compensate for the ridge defect and achieve optimal aesthetics. The prosthesis successfully masked the ridge defect while providing natural-appearing tooth contours and gingival architecture. Post-operative evaluation revealed good tissue response and patient satisfaction. Fixed partial dentures incorporating gingival porcelain represent a viable and cost-effective alternative to implant-supported prostheses for anterior maxillary rehabilitation when significant ridge defects are present. This treatment modality can achieve predictable aesthetic outcomes through meticulous treatment planning and precise clinical execution.

Background: Oral health significantly impacts overall well-being, particularly among females during hormonal shifts such as adolescence and pregnancy. Functional foods like nutraceutical Gummies / Candy offer a novel adjunctive approach to managing oral health conditions. This study investigates the efficacy of specially formulated Pink smart Gummies / Candy (HETAFU), rich in probiotics, prebiotics, essential oils, and natural sweeteners, in improving specific oral health parameters in females aged 14 years and above. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of condition-specific dosing of HETAFU Pink smart Gummies / Candy across eight oral health clusters, including xerostomia, enamel erosion, halitosis, gingivitis, periodontitis, dental caries, pregnancy tumors, and preventive maintenance during pregnancy. Methods: A cluster-randomized interventional study design was employed across eight oral health conditions. A total of 180 female participants aged ≥14 years were enrolled and divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received condition-specific doses of Gummies / Candy over 5–10 days depending on the clinical indication. Each gummy contained: Isomalt, Sugar alcohols (Xylitol, Maltitol, Sorbitol) Prebiotic (FOS), Probiotics (Bacillus coagulans, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum), Iodized Salt, Acidity Regulators, Essential Oils and natural & nature-identical colors and flavors. Outcomes were assessed using validated indices such as Salivary Flow Rate, Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale, Organoleptic Score, Halimeter readings, Gingival Index, Bleeding Index, Plaque Index, Periodontal Index, Clinical Attachment Level, Caries Activity Test, and OHI-S/CPI. Results: Significant improvements (p < 0.05) were observed across all intervention clusters compared to controls. Participants showed enhanced salivary flow, reduced enamel sensitivity, decreased volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs), reduced gingival inflammation, improved periodontal attachment levels, decreased caries activity, and better oral hygiene status. Pregnancy-specific clusters also demonstrated reduced gingival overgrowth and improved maintenance. Conclusion: HETAFU Pink smart Gummies / Candy offer a promising, non-invasive adjunctive strategy for managing various oral health conditions in females. The use of targeted, cluster-based interventions with nutraceutical Gummies / Candy can enhance standard dental treatments and promote self-care compliance, especially in hormonal or high-risk groups.

Background: Postoperative infection is a significant concern in mandibular fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) has emerged as a biomaterial that supports wound healing and reduces inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PRF in reducing postoperative infections in simple mandibular fractures under short antibiotic regimens. Methods: A prospective comparative clinical study was conducted on 31 patients (32 fracture sites) with simple mandibular fractures requiring ORIF. Patients were randomly divided into PRF (n=16) and non-PRF (n=16) groups. Both groups received identical preoperative and perioperative antibiotic coverage. Postoperative infection signs were assessed clinically on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days. Results: The PRF group demonstrated better early pain reduction and healing outcomes. Although clinical signs of infection such as erythema, wound dehiscence, and fever were less common in the PRF group, the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: PRF shows potential to enhance postoperative healing and reduce minor complications in mandibular fracture management. However, its benefit in preventing infection was not statistically conclusive.

The aim of this article is to understand the etiopathogenesis of a common post-extraction complication called as Dry socket or Alveolar Osteitis (AO). We also tried to understand the results of applications of alvogyl in the management of AO.

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are multifactorial conditions affecting the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints, often exacerbated by psychosocial stressors such as academic pressure in adolescents. Emerging evidence suggests that magnesium plays a critical physiological role in neuromuscular regulation and stress modulation, but its therapeutic efficacy in TMD management remains underexplored. Methods: A clinical study was conducted involving 100 adolescents diagnosed with TMDs, divided into two equal groups (n = 50 each). Group A received a conventional treatment comprising NSAIDs and muscle relaxants, along with a physiology-based magnesium supplementation regimen (400 mg elemental magnesium daily for 30 days), while Group B received only the conventional treatment. Baseline and post-treatment assessments included serum magnesium levels, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, and academic stress scores. Data were analysed using paired and independent t-tests, Pearson correlation, and confidence intervals to compare intra- and inter-group changes. Results: Group A showed a significant reduction in academic stress (from 27.81 ± 3.48 to 24.15 ± 3.62, p = 0.046), accompanied by a substantial reduction in pain intensity (VAS score from 6.42 ± 0.98 to 2.44 ± 0.85, p < 0.001) and increase in serum magnesium levels (from 0.673 ± 0.028 to 0.744 ± 0.035 mmol/L) compared to Group B. Group B had a modest decrease in pain (to 4.36 ± 0.79) with no significant change in magnesium. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that as magnesium levels increase, academic stress decreases, thereby contributing to a reduction in TMD-related pain. Conclusion: Magnesium supplementation was more effective when combined with conventional treatment than conventional therapy alone in reducing TMD pain and improving magnesium levels. These findings suggest that academic stress and magnesium deficiency together may improve TMD management in adolescents.