Vietnam and South Korea are increasingly expanding and developing partnerships in many fields of economy, culture, society and life. More and more South Korean companies as well as South Korean citizens are coming to live and work in Vietnam and/or with Vietnam. Therefore, the exchange and integration in administrative work between the two countries is indispensable and extremely necessary. That is the reason why we choose to research the contrastive analysis of linguistic features in public administrative documents in Vietnamese and South Korean languages to help the interaction activities of public service documents between the two countries, two language systems be always convenient, accurate, legal and meet administrative requirements. In this research, we will compare the linguistic features in public administrative documents in Vietnamese and South Korean in terms of: the text structure, the characteristics of words, sentences and the arguments in the public administrative documents to find the similarities and differences in culture, thinking, and language.

Proverbs and idioms are folk voices, are creative products of the masses through many ages, reflecting people's feelings and emotions in daily activities. Although they are from folk language, proverbs and idioms are not ordinary voices but rhymes, brief, widely popular among the masses. Proverbs and idioms are oral literature, expressing many aspects of the masses' activities, especially emotionally. In addition, proverbs and idioms also express people's judgments on the good and bad behaviors of people in society when communicating with each other. Therefore, the research topic "Vietnamese and South Korean proverbs and idioms of social relations in comparisons" has been done in order to find out the similarities and differences in culture, thinking and languages between two countries, two cultures. Since then, this study is not out of the goal to help international students have more opportunities to exchange and integrate with Vietnamese culture as well as to facilitate foreigners in studying Vietnamese language and Vietnamese studies. In this research, proverbs and idioms about social relations in Vietnamese and Korean will be compared in terms of syntax structure, semantic structure and pragmatical characteristics to find similarities and differences in culture, thinking and language.

This study examined democracy and sustainable development in Cross River State from 1999 – 2020. Given this, three research questions and objectives were raised to guide the study. The paper adopted Marxian Dialectical Materialism and Lipset’s theory of economic development and democracy. The descriptive survey was used as the study research design. The sample size for the study was 400, derived through Taro Yameni formula. The purposive, simple random, chain-referral sampling technique, etc were adopted. Both questionnaire and in-depth interview were used as instruments for data collection. Again, mean and standard deviation as well as content analysis were used for data analysis. Findings of the study revealed that the failure of the democracy to ensure sustainable development in Cross River State was as a result of the nature of political culture, poor resource management, low participation of the people in policy formulations and implementations, and Leaders are only representing the interest of their political parties/themselves and not the need of the people. The study recommends that since development is human centered, and that the falling human capacity development indeed affects the level of literacy due to existence of poor educational facilities, absence of model schools to mitigate gaps in human capacity deficiency syndrome, and rising school enrolment could not match existing infrastructure in the state. There should be a deliberate policy by government to invest a reasonable portion (25%) of its annual budget on education, skills development of future generation that will contribute to development in the state.

Dallet (1874) introduced Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) in his book. Park et al. (2021a) and Park et al.(2021b) studied the translation of several Tcheonzamun poem. In the present study, each Tcheonzamun poem has 16 letters, and the poem can be translated on the meaning of Chinese character and on Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters of Tcheonzamun. There are two methods for the present translation of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). The range of this study was Tcheonzamun 257th-272nd. At first, this is the translation through Korean pronunciation. 261-264 夙(Sug) 興(Heung) 溫(On) (淸-‘)(Tcheong) 싫컷 울어! Silkeot Uleo! If you want to cry, please do that! At second time, this is the translation on the meaning of Chinese characters of this Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 257th-272nd). In addition, the deletion of same or similar part of Chinese character was adapted. 261-264 夙(Sug) 興(Heung) 溫(On) (淸-‘)(Tcheong) No, it is not. Such a many things are not necessary! It is simple! In order for joyfulness (興) to come (夙), for example, only the warm temperature (溫) is necessary for the cool place (淸-‘).

French missionary Dallet (1874) introduced in his book Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay), he wrote that ancient Chinese people and ancient Korean people used Tcheonzamun as the textbook for their children for Chinese character. The present researcher translated Tcheonzamun poem through the meaning of Chinese character. This time, the poem of (Tcheonzamun 273rd-288th) was selected for the translation. The title of this translation is ‘My father Ilsoo Joseph gave me a desk when I was pupil of senior high school’, and from the Tcheonzamun the poem of (Tcheonzamun 273rd-288th) was chosen for the translation. <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)> 285-288 言(Eon) 辭(Sa) 安(An) 定(Zeong) Now I, Augustin, used to talk a lot things (辭), but my wife Hyeonhi only talks warm words which can be reached to others (言). If I do the thing which I think good (定), at that time others can understand my word (安).

French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) had been utilized as a textbook for children of the ancient Chinese people and those of the ancient Korean people. The book, Tcheonzamun, was used for instructing Chinese character. Park et al. (2021a) and Park et al. (2021b) translated several Tcheonzamun poems. The present researcher tried to translate those poems of Tcheonzamun through Korean pronunciation and through the meaning of Chinese character. For the present researcher, there are two methods for the translation of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) poem. The first one is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character, and the other is through the meaning of Chinese character. In addition to this, the present researcher tried the same or the similar part from the two Chinese characters on the same line. With remained parts, the poem was translated. And the poem selected was (Tcheonzamun 289th-304th). The title of this work is ‘I will make my husband to eat so much!’. The present researcher tried to translate this Thceonzamun (The thousand character essay) poem with two methods.

: Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) had been utilized as a textbook for children both by the ancient Chinese people and by the ancient Korean people. And he wrote that the book was for the instruction of Chinese characters. For the present researcher, there are two methods for Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) translation. One is through the meaning of Chinese character; the other is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character. Here in this work, the method through the meaning of Chinese character was utilized. The poem of (Tcheonzamun 289th-304th) was selected and translated. The title of this work is ‘Saint Maria at Nazareth’ and the range of translation was Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)> 289-292 篤(Dog) 初(Tcho) 誠(Seong) 美(Mi) My husband, do you want to continue to do (篤) the favor (初) for me your wife? It was our love when we started to see each other. My husband, please do your best (誠) in order without stop to keep the affection (美) for me!

For the present researcher, there are two methods for Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) translation. In addition, the present researcher tried to delete a same or similar part of the Chinese characters, and remained parts were used for translation. The selected part was (Tcheonzamun 273rd-288th). 281-284 容 (Yong)-口=ウ人人 止(Zi) 若(Yag)-口=十十十 思(Sa). If two of you, wife and husband (ウ人人), want to be (止) together, both of you, especially the husband, must think (思) 30 times (十十十). Because the relation between wife and husband is not such an easy thing as the husband thinks. 285-288 言(Eon) 辭(Sa) 安(An)-ウ=女 定(Zeong)-ウ=疋 My husband, if you want that common saying (辭) became good words (言), the opinion of me, your wife (女), must be gained (疋).

This paper brings out arguments concerning the unjust and naked aggression inflicted by Russia over the Ukraine why sorting out why the International Community as the Global mechanism for World peace and security remains partially inactive to impose immediate sanctions in view of the United Nations(UN) charter with the Security Council rising with strong standing orders. The prohibition on the unjustified use of force is the cornerstone of contemporary international law and requires the implications of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) not only on press released but full action to stop the aggressor from its continuance aggression. The ICJ which deals with disputes between states, can only intervene in cases where the countries involved agree that it should have a role is unbearable. In, fact, any country which gives total support to divide another country from its unity requires serious sanctions in view of the violation of territorial integrity and state’s sovereignty. The question of bouncing back to the position of NIHHP is very challenging to the recent aggressor Russian. Therefore, it is not possible to pass through the former Satellite States of the Soviet Union to gain that position and Western European countries will never give the Russia a full ticket to once more rise to that position in international affairs of the 21st Century is what the Russian leaders failed to know. The scrutiny of specialized sources and related valuable documentaries called for our attention to adopt a historical approach in our analyses. This paper is very important to specialist of international relations concerning the strength and weaknesses of the global and continental International Organisations engagements of resolving the Russo-Ukrainian War of the 21st Century.

Hip hop which originated from the African-American community of the Bronx New York is exerting a domineering effect in most African countries. It is un-arguably and gradually becoming the most popular mode of musical expression among artistes in the sub-sahara region with visible affiliation to the global popular culture trends. The Nigerian youths have embraced this music style and identified with its culture thereby bringing the genre to the mainstream of the country’s popular music scene. Through lyrical and textual analysis of select songs and artistes, this paper examines the Nigerian hip hop brand against the backdrop of its major identifiable themes and attempts a classification module for the genre via its output and messages.

Dallet (1874) wrote that the ancient Chinese people and the ancient Korean people had used the textbook of Chinese characters for their children, and that it was Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). It is said that Chinese people seemed to have made Tcheonzamun. But it is not clear that who has created the Tcheonzamun book. The range of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) poem was (Tcheonzamun 305th-320th). And there were two translating methods. The first one is with Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters, the second one is through the meaning of Chinese character. Here, the present researcher utilized the second method, through the meaning of Chinese characters. The title of this work is “Oh you! You have chosen the good wife!” <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)> 317-320 去(Keo) 而(I) 益(Ig) 詠(Yeong) My husband, it is not good for you to become apparently good (益). You had better express your idea by speaking in loud voice (詠). In order to this, what shall you do? You must do something with force (而). You might not do only going and coming (去). Hyeonhi, my wife, did her best for caring me on my disease. She did her best for growing our five children (Agatha, Daegon-Andrea, Anna, Rosa and Therese). And Hyeonhi did her best for household affairs in my family. Oh our Lord, we, Augustin and Hyeonhi, two persons thank you very much!

Dallet (1874) in his book introduced ‘Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay)’, and he wrote that Tcheonzamun had been utilized for the children in the ancient Chinese people and in the ancient Korean people for the education of Chinese characters. The part of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) here in this study was 16 letters of (Tcheonzamun 305th-320th). Two methods were used. The first method was through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character, and the second was through the meaning of the Chinese character of Tcheonzamun. In addition, the present researcher tried to delete same part from the two Chinese characters in the same line. And the remained parts of the Chinese character were utilized for the translation. (This is the translation through Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters) 317-320 去(Geo) 而(I) 益(Ig) 詠(Yeong) 꺼이 엉엉! Geoi Eong-eong (The wife cries by herself) I am sad, so I am crying! ‘Geoi Eong-eong’ is the crying voice of the wife. (This is the translation through the meaning of Chinese characters) 317-320 去(Keo) 而(I)-Ħ=一’ 益(Ig)-Ħ=小小 詠(Yeong). (The wife said to her husband). Do you want me to be free (去) from the state (一) of my sadness (’)? My Darling, my husband! You must reduce (小) and reduce again (小) your complain (詠) about me your wife.

French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that the ancient Chinese people and the ancient Korean people used Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) as the textbook of Chinese characters. The range of present study was 16 letters of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay), it was (Tcheonzamun 321st-336th). The present researcher used the translating method through the meaning of Chinese character. The title of this work is ‘Hyeonhi must lead her stupid husband Augustin!’ This research was for translating Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay), and the range was (Tcheonzamun 321st-336th). <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)> 321-324 樂(Lag) 殊(Su) 貴(Gwi) 賤(Tcheon) My husband! Do you want to make me, your wife (殊), happy (樂)? You might consider the money, from the poor condition (賤) to the rich condition (貴). Do you think that the rich can make me happy? 325-328 禮(Lye) 別(Byeol) 尊(Zon) 卑(Bi) No, it is not so. My husband! The most important thing, it is not the money but the relationship or the etiquette (禮) among the persons, between you and me (別). It is the respect, the respect (尊) for me your wife! Because you have treated me as the miserable person(卑). My husband! You thought me your wife humble! 329-332 上(Sang) 和(Hwa) 下(Ha) 睦(Mog) My husband! Do you want that I your wife can give you (上) my love (和)? If you want to get such a love from me your wife (下), you must give me your warm affection (睦)! 333-336 夫(Bu) 唱(Tchang) 婦(Bu) 隨(Su) My husband! Do you want that I your wife can sing a song (唱) to you (夫) in order to make you in ease? If you want me your wife to do so. My husband! You must follow (隨) my opinion, your wife (婦).

French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) had been used as a textbook for the children of the ancient Chinese people and the ancient Korean people. The present researcher tried to translate Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay). And the selected part was (Tcheonzamun 321st-336th). <Number of Tcheonzamun(The thousand character essay) Chinese character (Korean Pronunciation of Chinese character in English alphabet). Transformed phrase on Korean pronunciation in Korean alphabet. Transformed phrase on Korean pronunciation in English alphabet. The meaning in Korean language is as follows.> 321-324 樂(Lag, Nag) 殊(Su) 貴(Gwi) 賤(Tcheon) 나 속였어! Na Sog-yeot-seo! My husband, you cheated me your wife! 325-328 禮(Lye, Nye) 別(Byeol) 尊(Zon) 卑(Bi) 너 벌 줘봐? Neo Beol Zweo-bwa? My husband, I your wife can give you the punishment! 329-332上(Sang) 和(Hwa)下(Ha) 睦(Mog) 싸워! 허물어! Ssa-weo! Heo-mul-eo! (The wife cries to her husband) Let’s have a quarrel! And let’s destroy our warm relationship between us, you the husband and me the wife! 333-336 夫(Bu) 唱(Tchang) 婦(Bu) 隨(Su) 볼장 봤수! Bol-zang Bwat-su! Our loving relationship is now finished! <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)>333-336夫(Bu) 唱(Tchang)-昌= 口 婦(Bu) 隨(Su)-(一呂)= 十§十工月 My husband, do you know what is ‘your warm love’ for me your wife? It is simple. It is that I can say my words (口) to you! In order to say a word (口) to my husband (夫), I your wife am pleased to consider (§) ten times (十) and I am pleased to work (工) ten times (十) with my hands (工)!.

French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that both the ancient Chinese people and the ancient Korean people used Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) as a textbook for their children. Dallet (1874) described that the book was a tool for instructing Chinese characters for the two tribes. Here, for this work the present researcher used the first translating method. It is through the meaning of Chinese character of this poem (Tcheonzamun 577th-592nd). The title of this work is ‘Thank you very much, Father Ildefonso! Father Ildefonso came from Spain!’ And this poem ranges 16 letters from 577th to 592nd letter of Tcheonzamun. The next part is translation through the meaning of Chinese character of the poem. <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese characters (Pronunciation of Korean language in English alphabet)> 581-584 踐(Tcheon) 土(To) 會(Hoe) 盟(Maeng) On the first line of (577th-580th), there was a description about war. War, it is not common thing but terrible thing. But there is another thing terrible in the world. Even though it is a very small thing. But to solve the problem, it is very difficult. What is that? It is to make a group (會), and the group is only good for the member, for the intimate colleagues (盟). Even the persons stand on (踐) the same territory (土), the environment of the same soil is different. When a person is the friend for their members of the group, the environment is truly good. While the person is not the friend of the group member, the ambiance will become cold! 585-588 何(Ha) 遵(Zun) 約(Yag) 法(Beob) If they do the thing as shown in the second line (581st-584th) of this poem, how (何) do they just (約) keep (遵) the law (法)? 589-592 韓(Han) 弊(Pye) 煩(Beon) 刑(Hyeong) If they do treat the people (韓) in the very hard manner (弊) as described in the second line (581st-584th), it is to give the people penalty (刑) and make people difficult (煩) in the life. And the people do not want to live there, and the people are willing to escape from the place!