Background: Lymphomas are heterogeneous malignant neoplasms of lymphoid origin and represent the most common hematologic malignancies worldwide. They are broadly classified into Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) based on morphologic and immunophenotypic criteria. Accurate subclassification using immunohistochemistry is essential for appropriate diagnosis and management. Aim: To perform a clinicopathological assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma among Iraqi patients, evaluating frequency, age, sex, site distribution, and the diagnostic value of immunohistochemical markers. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 118 cases of malignant lymphoma diagnosed between January 2022 and December 2024. Cases were collected from multiple teaching laboratories and pathology departments. Clinical and pathological data, including age, sex, tumor site, size, biopsy type, and immunophenotype, were extracted from reports. Excisional biopsy was the most common diagnostic method. A panel of 32 immunohistochemical markers was used for classification. Cases with incomplete data or inadequate tissue were excluded. Results: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma predominated (71.2%) over Hodgkin lymphoma (28.8%). HL patients were younger (mean age 23.9 years), while NHL patients had a higher mean age (48.6 years). Classical HL accounted for 97.1% of HL cases, with mixed cellularity and nodular sclerosis as the main subtypes. B-cell lymphomas comprised 86.9% of NHL, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as the most frequent subtype (63%). Extranodal involvement was observed in 51.2% of NHL cases, whereas HL was predominantly nodal (88.2%). A male predominance (1.5:1) was noted overall. Conclusion: Distinct epidemiological and clinicopathological patterns exist between HL and NHL in this Iraqi cohort, highlighting the importance of regional data to support diagnostic accuracy and healthcare planning.

Radiologist burnout has become a significant global concern due to the rapid increase in imaging volumes, administrative responsibilities, and continuous diagnostic workload. Studies report that a large proportion of radiologists experience symptoms such as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced professional satisfaction. Increasing case complexity, time pressure, and repetitive cognitive tasks contribute to mental fatigue and reduced diagnostic performance, making burnout a critical workforce and patient-safety issue. Artificial intelligence [AI] tools are increasingly being integrated into radiology workflows and can prioritize imaging worklists, generate draft reports, and analyze operational data to detect patterns associated with workload stress and cognitive fatigue. Evidence suggests that AI-assisted reporting systems can reduce interpretation time and improve workflow efficiency without compromising diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, predictive models using electronic health record activity logs have been proposed to detect early signals of clinician burnout through behavioral analytics and digital workflow metrics. This review aims to explore the emerging role of artificial intelligence in predicting radiologist burnout and cognitive fatigue through workflow analytics. It seeks to synthesize current literature on AI-based monitoring of radiologist workload, predictive modeling of burnout risk, and the potential of intelligent systems to support sustainable radiology practice and improve diagnostic performance.

Sigmoid volvulus is a rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction that is seen in elderly patients, and the clinical presentation is that of abdominal pain and distension. The diagnosis of this condition is made by performing an abdominal x-ray or a computerized tomography scan that will show the characteristic features of sigmoid volvulus. The management of sigmoid volvulus can be divided into endoscopic therapy and surgical therapy. Endoscopic therapy involves endoscopic detorsion, but this is associated with a high recurrence rate. Surgical therapy involves performing a sigmoid resection and anastomosis or a Hartmann’s procedure. The choice of which surgical procedure will depend on whether the sigmoid volvulus is complicated or uncomplicated. In this review, we will look at the management of sigmoid volvulus by investigating the role of endoscopic detorsion, the surgical management, which includes sigmoid resection and anastomosis, and Hartmann’s procedure.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation and multi-organ inflammation. Conventional treatments primarily focus on symptom control and prevention of organ damage, as no definitive cure exists. Despite advances in immunology and targeted therapies, many patients experience recurrent flares, prolonged reliance on medications, and substantial declines in quality of life. Moreover, the underlying etiology of SLE remains incompletely understood within biomedical frameworks, which seldom incorporate spiritual or karmic perspectives central to various traditional healing systems. This study therefore, examines an alternative viewpoint rooted in the teachings of the Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door, as introduced by Dharma Master Jun Hong Lu. Within this framework, SLE is conceptualized as arising from karmic obstacles and spiritual influences, particularly those linked to killing karma from past actions. The Three Golden Buddhist Practices—making vows, reciting Buddhist scriptures, and performing life liberation—are proposed as methods to eliminate karmic obstacles and ascend attached spirits, thereby facilitating healing. The present study documents the successful recovery of one SLE patient through sustained application of these practices. This outcome aligns with two previously published cases of complete cure, illustrating practical implementation and the potential for recovery or long-term remission via dedicated spiritual cultivation. These observations indicate that Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door practices may serve as a valuable complementary approach to promote holistic health and well-being, meriting further interdisciplinary research.