French Missionary Dallet (1874) described that the thousand character essay has been long time used as the textbook for Chinese character for the children both in China and in Korea. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun(千字文) in Korea, and the main stream of translation of Tcheonzamun is based on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). However, recently, several researchers tried to translate Tcheonzamun poem on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The present translating work was carried out on Korean grammar (Kim, 2023). There are several methods of Tcheonzamun translation on Korean grammar. The first one is through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). The second one is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The present work of the translation was done on Korean pronunciation of Chinese character. The range of this study is sixteen letters of (Tcheonzamun 545th-560th). And the somewhat old book was chosen for this work of translation (Han, 1583). The present study concerns the translation of a Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 545th-560th). The title of this study is ‘My dear wife! Will the fishes talk each other? Yes, of course, my husband! They have conversation continually! And they have their children! (桓(Hwan) 公(Gong) 匡(Kwang) 合(Hap)) (Tcheonzamun 545th-560th).’ <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 545-548 桓(Hwan) 公(Gong) 匡(Kwang) 合(Hap). “안고 가야!” An-go-ka-ya! My husband! You must carry me (your wife) in your arms! (An-go-ka-ya!) “My dear wife! Will the fishes talk each other?” “Yes, of course, my husband! They have conversation continually! And they have their children!” 549-552 濟(Ze) 弱(Yag) 扶(Bu) 傾(Gyeong). “져야 비껴!” Zeo-ya Bi-gyeo! My husband! When will the other woman get out of here from you? (Bi-gyeo!) She will do so, if she knows that she was defeated (Zeo-ya) by me! 553-556 綺(Ki) 回(Hoe) 漢(Han) 惠(Hye). “기어이 하네!” Ki-eo-i Ha-nye! My husband! To the other woman whom you liked, I told her not to do it, but she would do it. (Ki-eo-i Ha-nye!) 557-560 說(Seol) 感(Gam) 武(Mu) 丁(Zeong). “혀가 무뎌!” Hyeo-ga Mu-dyeo! My husband! My parole (Hyeo-ga) does not have any effect (Mu-dyeo!) to the woman!

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that the thousand character essay has been utilized as the textbook for the Chinese and the Korean children for Chinese characters. The thousand character essay is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). The main stream of Tcheonzamun translation is on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). However, in minor stream, several researchers tried to do the work on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). On the present study, the Tcheonzamun translation will be done on the method of Korean grammar (Kim, 2023). Somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was used in the present study. Recently, several researchers tried to translate Tcheonzamun poem on the method based on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). On the present study, the Tcheonzamun poem was translated on Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The range of the present work is of (Tcheonzamun 625th-640th). This work concerns the translation Tcheonzamun poem through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun. The title of this study is ‘You, please, do live your own life (Ga-se!) on the better and right (Kod-i) way! (昆(Kon) 池(Di) 碣(Gal) 石(Syeog)) (Tcheonzamun 625th-640th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. There are three translations for the line of (629-632 鷄(Kye) 田(Zeon) 赤(Zeog) 城(Syeong)). Now, the wife is not happy with the woman whom her husband ever loved unlawfully. And the wife scolds the woman strictly as will be shown below. 625-628 雁(An) 門(Mun) 紫(Za) 塞(Saeg). “아무 자식!” A-mu Za-sig! Oh, you are the unfaithful woman! You have loved any (A-mu) man (Za-sig!) without any regular or normal way, 629-632(1) 鷄(Kye) 田(Zeon) 赤(Zeog) 城(Syeong). “계집에서!” Kye-zib-e-seo! You are such an unfaithful woman! (Kye-zib-e-seo!) 629-632(2) 鷄(Kye) 田(Zeon) 赤(Zeog) 城(Syeong). “거짓에서!” Keo-zis-e-seo! You are the liar. From such a falsehood! (Keo-zis-e-seo!), 629-632(3) 鷄(Kye) 田(Zeon) 赤(Zeog) 城(Syeong). “그 짓에서!” Keu-zis-e-seo! Oh, you the unfavorable woman! From such a terrible thing (Keu-zis-e-seo!) as you have done to my husband, 633-636 昆(Kon) 池(Di) 碣(Gal) 石(Syeog). “곧이 가세! Kod-i Ga-se! You, please, do live your own life (Ga-se!) on the better and right (Kod-i) way! 637-640 鉅(Keo) 野(Ya) 洞(Dong) 庭(Dyeong). “어화 둥둥!” Eo-hwa Dung-dung! You, the unfavorable woman! At that time, you can manage your own life on the happier (Eo-hwa) and joyful way! (Dung-dung!).

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that the thousand-character essay has been long time used for their children for Chinese characters, the period comes up to the Tchin(秦) country who was ruined around BC 200. The thousand-character essay is called as Tcheonzamun(千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583), and the book has been widely used in Korea. The main stream of translation of Tcheonzamun has been on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). However, several recent researchers has tried to translate the Tcheonzamun poem on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The present study is carried out on Korea grammar. There are three methods for Tcheonzamun translation on Korean grammar. The first one is on the basis of meaning of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). The second one is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character (Kim, 2023). And the third method is through the deletion of part(s) of Chinese character, and it might be called as the analyze of Chinese character (Kim, 2023). The present study will be done on the deleting method. The range of the poem is of sixteen letters of (Tcheonzamun 561st-576th). And the somewhat old Tcheonzamun book was used for the present study (Han, 1583). The mark of [ ] shows the deletion on the same Chinese character. The mark of ( ) indicates the deletion of similar parts on the different Chinese characters on the same line of four letters. This work concerns the translation of the Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 561st-576th). The title of this study is ‘My husband! Even though you are the inferior person (丶), do you want to become the superior one (俊)? My husband! Please, live (宀) with the intelligent woman (丿) like me(your wife)! (俊(Zun) 乂(Ye) 密(Mil) 勿(Mul)) (Tcheonzamun 561st-576th)’. There are two repetitions for each line. It is in order to compare the deleted Chinese characters with the original one. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation shown in Korean language on English alphabet)>. 561-564 俊(Zun) 乂(Ye) 密(Mil) 勿(Mul). 561-564 俊(Zun). 乂(Ye)-丿=丶. 密(Mil)-[乂-乂]-丿-山=宀. 勿(Mul)-巾(山)=丿. My husband! Even though you are the inferior person (丶), do you want to become the superior one (俊)? My husband! Please, live (宀) with the intelligent woman (丿) like me(your wife)! It is not the history of other people. It is but the appearance of our history; Augustin and Hyeonhi! 565-568 多(Da) 士(Sa) 寔(Sig) 寧(Lyeong). 565-568 多(Da). 士(Sa)-一=十. 寔(Sig)-宀-日一-丁-丶(一)=丿. 寧(Lyeong)-宀-罒(日一)-丁=心. My husband! Do you want me(your wife) to be able to do (多) work ten times(十)? My husband! Please, make my heart (心) in higher (丿) condition! 569-572 晋(Zin) 楚(Tcho) 更(Gaeng) 覇(Pae). 569-572 晋(Zin)-[一-一]-日=口口. 楚(Tcho)-[木-木]-丶=乙. 更(Gaeng)-一(丶)-日=人. 覇(Pae). My husband! Are you (人) going to be the person of brilliance (覇)? Let us together (口), you and me(your wife), say (口) in the joyful attitude like the bird (乙)! 573-576 趙(Dyo) 魏(Wi) 困(Gon) 橫(Hoeng). 573-576 趙(Dyo). 魏(Wi)-田儿-木-丿=女厶. 困(Gon)-木=口. 橫(Hoeng)-田八(田儿)-[十-十]-一(丿)=木. My husband! Do you want me (your young (厶) wife (女)) to flee swiftly (趙) far from you? My husband! It is very simple. Please, stop (木) your young wife from saying freely (口)!

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that the thousand character essay has been used very long time as a textbook for the children both in China and in Korea for Chinese characters. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun (千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). Tcheonzamun itself means the thousand(千) character(字) essay(文). Recently, several researchers translated the Tcheonzamun poem on the base of Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The range of this study is sixteen Chinese characters of (Tcheonzamun 593rd-608th). Kim (2023) translated the Tcheonzamun poem through Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun. The present researchers used the same method of Kim (2023). The modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language was utilized for the present translation. Somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was used for the present study. The title of this study is ‘Oh! My Lord! I say to my husband “Please, remove the praying mantis! (Tchi-weo!) Or you will be greatly hurt! (Da-tcheo!)” ((馳(Tchi) 譽(Ye) 丹(Dan) 靑(Tcheong)) (Tcheonzamun 593rd-608th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 593-596 起(Gi) 翦(Zeon) 頗(Pa) 牧(Mog). “그저 파먹어!” Geu-zeo Pa-meog-eo! My husband! The woman whom you liked is not your wife. The terrible woman like the praying mantis, she will do the sole action (Geu-zeo) of destroying you! (Pa-meog-eo!) 597-600 用(Yong) 軍(Kun) 最(Tchoe) 精(Zeong). “용쿤! 쥐어줘!” Yong-kun! Ziweo-zweo! My wife! No! It is the interesting thing! (Yong-kun!) My wife! Give me in my hands (Ziweo-zweo!) the praying mantis! 601-604 宣(Seon) 威(Wi) 沙(Sa) 漠(Mag). “손위 사마귀!” Son-wi Sa-ma-gwi! My wife! It is the praying mantis (Sa-ma-gwi!) in my hands! (Son-wi). 605-608 馳(Tchi) 譽(Ye) 丹(Dan) 靑(Tcheong). “치워! 다쳐!” Tchi-weo! Da-tcheo! Oh! My Lord! I say to my husband “Please, remove the praying mantis! (Tchi-weo!) Or you will be greatly hurt! (Da-tcheo!)” Here, the praying mantis indicates the woman whom her husband once liked.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that the thousand character essay has been utilized long time for Chinese character both for Chinese children and for Korean children. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun(千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). In the present study, the poem of (Tcheonzamun 609th-624th) was translated in the viewpoint of marriage life between the husband and the wife. However, depending on the present translation of the Tcheonzamun poem, the marriage life did not seem to be happy. Recently, several researchers tried to translate Tcheonzamun poem of 16 Chinese characters on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The first translating method is through Korean pronunciation of Chinese character (Kim, 2023). The second translating method is on the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). The third one is on the deleting of part(s) of Chinese character (Kim, 2023). The present method is on the Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was used for the present study. And the range of this study is of (Tcheonzamun 609th-624th). On the present study, the Tcheonzamun poem of (Tcheonzamun 609th-624th) was translated. The title of this study is ‘You are the wicked woman (Ag-zong Han-te!) to me and to my husband! You have done such a wrong thing to us! Me (her wife) also, I will do to you the unhappy thing! (嶽(Ag) 宗(Zong) 恒(Hang) 岱(Di)) (Tcheonzamun 609th-624th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. Her husband has not been faithful to his sincere wife! The husband liked another woman except for his wife. Now, the wife said roughly to the woman whom her husband liked for a while on the unjust method. 609-612 九(Ku) 州(Zyu) 禹(Wu) 跡(Zyeog). “어쭈 웃어!” Eo-zu Wuz-eo! You are the woman wicked to our marriage life! However (Eo-zu), you are laughing now! (Wuz-eo!) 613-616 百(Baeg) 郡(Gun) 秦(Zin) 幷(Byeong). “밟고 비벼!” Bab-go Bi-byeo! You are the terrible woman to us, to my husband and to me! I want even to step upon you (Bab-go) and I wish even to rub my feet (Bi-byeo!) on you! 617-620 嶽(Ag) 宗(Zong) 恒(Hang) 岱(Di). “악종한테!” Ag-zong Han-te! You are the wicked woman (Ag-zong Han-te!) to me and to my husband! You have done such a wrong thing to us! Me (her wife) also, I will do to you the unhappy thing! 621-624 禪(Syeon) 主(Zyu) 云(Wun) 亭(Dyeong). “해주우제!” Hae-zu wu-ze! You are the unfortunate woman, to my husband and to her wife (me), you have done such those unhappy things to me and to my husband! I will do the severe recompense to you! (Hae-zu wu-ze!).

French Missionary Dallet (1874) introduced the great book in Asia, the thousand character essay, to the Western world. The thousand character essay is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). There are two ways of translation for Tcheonzamun. One is on the Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). The other is upon the Korea grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The difference of language grammar between the two countries is so great that the result of translation does not coincide. The present translating work will be carried out on the Korean grammar. There are several methods for Tcheonzamun translation on Korean grammar. The third one, the method utilized on the present work, is on the basis of Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The range of this work is 16 letters of (Tcheonzamun 529th-544th). This work was done upon the Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun poem (Kim, 2023). The title of this study is ‘Oh you, the ungraceful woman (Eo-i!), “Look at my agony (Bo-ge) occurred by you about my husband!” (Tcheonzamun 529th-544th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. The wife scolded the woman who has been with her husband. 529-532 磻(Ban) 溪(Gye) 伊(I) 尹(Yun). “보게 어이!” Bo-ge Eo-i! Oh you, the ungraceful woman (Eo-i!), “Look at my agony (Bo-ge) occurred by you about my husband!” 533-536 佐(Zoa) 時(Si) 阿(A) 衡(Hyeong). “저것이 아니여!” Zeo-geos-i A-ni-yeo! Oh you, the woman, “It is not (A-ni-yeo!) the way! ( Zeo-geos-i)” 537-540 奄(Eom) 宅(Daeg) 曲(Gog) 阜(Bu). “어따 고집 부려!” Eo-dda Gozib-buryo! Oh you, the ungraceful woman, “What (Eo-dda) a stubborn woman (Gozib-buryo!) you are!” 541-544 微(Mi) 旦(Dan) 孰(Sug) 營(Yeong). “몸 모두 숙여!” Mom mo-du Sug-yeo! Oh you, “Bend down (Sug-yeo!) all your body (Mom mo-du) including your head in order to apologize!”.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) described that the thousand character essay has been well utilized as the textbook for the children both in Korea and in China. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun(千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). The method in Chinese grammar is the main stream (Han, 1583). The minor method is in Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). This study is carried out on Korean grammar. Somewhat old Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583) was taken for this work, and Chinese characters were used from this book. There are several methods for the translation of Tcheonzamun poem (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). For this study, deleting method (Kim, 2023) was used. It is to delete the same or the similar part of a Chinese character between the different Chinese character on the same line. However, sometimes the deletion on the same Chinese character occurred. And the mark of [ ] shows the deletion on the same Chinese character, and the mark of ( ) indicates the deletion of the similar part. This study concerns the translation of a poem of the thousand character essay. The title of this study is ‘My husband! Are you going to make no(亠) trouble(亅) between us two(丨丨), you and me(your wife)? My husband! Please trust(心) me(your wife)(人)! (Tcheonzamun 545th-560th)’. There are repetitions of each line. It is in order to compare the original one and the deleted one. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation shown in Korean language on English alphabet)>. 545-548 桓(Hwan) 公(Gong) 匡(Kwang) 合(Hap). 545-548 桓(Hwan)-三-口-丨=小. 公(Gong)-八=厶. 匡(Kwang)-三-丨=乙. 合(Hap)-口-人(八)=一. My husband! Are you going to treat me (your wife) (厶) as the wonderful Madame(小)? At first, you(my husband) (一) must become to be the gentle man like the noble bird(乙)! 549-552 濟(Ze) 弱(Yag) 扶(Bu) 傾(Gyeong). 549-552 濟(Ze)-[刀-丁(刀)]-K-亠-二-丨丨=氵. 弱(Yag)-二-[弓-弓]=二. 扶(Bu)-二-人=扌. 傾(Gyeong)-亻-匕(K)-ㅜ(亠)-二-人(丨丨)=口. My husband! Do you want that we, the wife(me) and the husband(you)(二), are going to be nothing(氵)? It is easy. Please protect(扌) me(your wife) to talk(口) freely, then, our relation will be destructed. 553-556(1) 綺(Ki) 回(Hoe) 漢(Han) 惠(Hye). 553-556(1) 綺(Ki)-幺-彡-亠-小-口=亅. 回(Hoe)-口-二=丨丨. 漢(Han)-氵(彡)-[十-十]-三(小)-口=人. 惠(Hye)-口-二-厶(幺)-╎(亠)=心. My husband! Are you going to make the mind of us two(丨丨), you and me(your wife), to be united together(亅)? Please give your heart(心) to me(your wife) (人)! 553-556(2) 綺(Ki) 回(Hoe) 漢(Han) 惠(Hye). 553-556(2) 綺(Ki)-幺-彡-小-口=亠亅. 回(Hoe)-口-二=丨丨. 漢(Han)-氵(彡)-[十-十]-三(小)-口=人. 惠(Hye)-口-二-亠丶(幺)=心. My husband! Are you going to make no(亠) trouble(亅) between us two(丨丨), you and me(your wife)? My husband! Please trust(心) me(your wife)(人)! 557-560 說(Seol) 感(Gam) 武(Mu) 丁(Zeong). 557-560 說(Seol)-一口-一-亠=兌. 感(Gam)-弋-一口-[丿-丿]=心. 武(Mu)-弋-一-亠=丨一. 丁(Zeong). My husband! Do you want to make me(your wife)(心) happy(兌)? My husband(丁)! It will be possible when you are grand(一) and right(丨).

Women’s inroad to power is hazy due largely to a highly competitive political environment with an unpredictable political culture. In this light, this paper seeks to examine whether political culture undermine women’s quest for political office in Nigeria especially to the National Assembly. Nevertheless, extant literature established that scholars have written extensively on women’s inclusion in politics. The paper applied liberal theoretical explanations to the major variables of the study. Data was generated via documentary sources while content analysis was utilized for analytical discourse. The paper revealed that out of a total sum 469 seats in the National Assembly, the average percentage of elected female legislators between 2007 and 2023 is 5% and the average percentage of elected men for the same period stood at 93%, representing a worrisome disparity in the gender gap in political participation, inclusion and apathy amongst others. Despite campaign promises and assurances, our analysis revealed consistent women under-representation in the national assembly. Hence, the paper recommended that equity and fairness for women should be a top priority of the current administration. It also recommended that Civil society organizations need to rise and support or promote female representations for elective and appointive positions across government establishments.

Child protection is a sensitive aspect of the social welfare systems across the globe as more children get exposed to abuse, neglect, trafficking, exploitation and other vulnerable factors that threaten their growth and well-being. This paper analyzes child protection and welfare systems in Nigeria with special reference to the application of social-work intervention. Using policy reports, legislative frameworks, government reports and academic literature, the paper discusses the institutional frameworks, legal provisions that influences child-protection mechanisms in Nigeria. The analysis is based on three issues: child-protection policies and law that govern child-welfare in Nigeria; the functions and roles of social workers in the systems; gaps and challenges that impact the effectiveness of child-protection interventions. The study, which is based on the Systems Theory, conceptualizes child protection as a network of interrelating institutions, such as welfare agencies, legal systems, health care services, schools, and community systems, which act in unison to protect children against harm. The evidence shows that Nigeria has come up with a number of legislative and policy frameworks, such as the Child Rights Act that have been established to help prevent abuse, exploitation and neglect of children. The adoption of these frameworks, however, is inconsistent because of the poor institutional capacity, lack of sufficient funding and inter-agency co-ordination, as well as lack of professionalization of social-work practice. The discussion also establishes that social workers are very significant as direct service providers, advocates of protective services, and coordinators of these services by performing various functions like case management, family support, counselling, rehabilitation, and community-based interventions. This research recommends that Nigeria needs to enhance its child-protection system by strengthening legal enforcement, better professional capability of its social workers, better institutional coordination and community based support system to protect and provide comprehensive welfare to vulnerable children.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that the thousand character essay has been long time used as the textbook for the children for Chinese character both in China and in Korea. The thousand character essay is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). Who has created this masterpiece in East Asia, Tcheonzamun? The author of Tcheonzamun is strongly believed to be Chinese people (Han, 1583). However, recently, several researchers tried to translate Tcheonzamun poem on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The present researchers will try to translate the present Tcheonzamun poem on Korean grammar. The more important subject of this great work, Tcheonzamun, is the matter of marriage, it is the love between the husband and the wife (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was used. In this work, some pronunciation of the period (16th Century) was taken from the book (Han, 1583), for example, 幾(Geui). The method on the present study is Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). And the range of this study is of (Tcheonzamun 673rd-688th). The title of this study is ‘My Darling! My dear wife! I apologize to you for my unfaithfulness! Please lessen your angry (Sag-hyeo-zu-o!) at me! (庶(Seo) 幾(Geui) 中(Zung) 庸(Yong)) (Tcheonzamun 673rd-688th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 673-676 孟(Mang) 軻(Ga) 敦(Don) 素(So). “망가졌소!” Mang-ga-zyeo-sso! My husband! The marriage life of us, you and me, is already broken! (Mang-ga-zyeo-sso!) 677-680 史(Sa) 魚(Eo) 秉(Byeong) 直(Zig). “싸워보지!” Ssa-weo-bo-zi! My husband! I will fight (Ssa-weo-bo-zi!) against you! Because you are not faithful to me (your wife)! 681-684 庶(Seo) 幾(Geui) 中(Zung) 庸(Yong). “삭혀주오!” Sag-hyeo-zu-o! My Darling! My dear wife! I apologize to you for my unfaithfulness! Please lessen your angry (Sag-hyeo-zu-o!) at me! 685-688 勞(No) 謙(Gyeom) 謹(Geun) 勅(Tchig). “화 녹여! 그쳐!” Hwa-nog-yeo! Geu-tcheo! My Dear wife! Please make nothing of your anguish! (Hwa-nog-yeo!) Stop hating me! (Geu-tcheo!).

Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that ‘The thousand character essay (In Korean language it was called as “Tcheonzamun”)’ was utilized as the textbook in Tch’in (秦) dynasty. The book was for the children for the education of Chinese characters (Dallet, 1874). The Tcheonzamun poem was composed of 16 Chinese characters (Park et al., 2021a; Park et al., 2021b). The poem from Tcheonzamun was translated through the meaning of Chinese characters (Park et al., 2021a), and was translated through Korean pronunciation (Park et al., 2021b). Why is the Tcheonzamun poem translated on the method through Korean grammar? This point is interesting for the present researcher. If this Tcheonzamun book was written by Chinese people, why is it translated on Korean grammar, the total of the poem of 16 letters? Does this result show that Tcheonzamun was written on Korean language? ‘The thousand character essay’ is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun. The present researcher used the somewhat old book of Tcheonzamun (Han, 1583). The poem was consisted of 16 letters (Tcheonzamun 113th-128th). And the translating method was through the meaning of Chinese character. The title of this work is ‘I was happy with my father Ilsoo Joseph (In Korean language “Zeo-neun Zeul-geo- weot-neyo”) (Tcheonzamun 113th-128th)’. The result will be shown as follows. <Number in Tcheonzamun Chinese character(Pronunciation in Korean) The meaning of this line of the poem> 113-116 愛(Ae) 育(Yug) 黎(Ryeo) 首(Su) If I am able to grow my child (children) (育) joyfully (愛), the color of the hairs of my head (首) must be black (黎). I must be young. I can do the growing of my child when I have power. The description on the first line (113-116), is it true? Will a lot of things become good with power? 117-120 臣(Sin) 伏(Bog) 戎(Yung) 羌(Gang) By the way, the person apparently polite (伏) to me, will the person become the true friend of me (臣)? It will be the very rare occurrence. Can the west (戎) be changed into the east (羌)? It is not possible. The apparently polite person to me will become the true friend of me? It can-not be occurred… And then, how can we do this thing? 121-124 遐(Ha) 邇(I) 壹(Il) 體(Tche) In order for me to make good relation (遐) with my neighbors, my friends, my family members (邇), I have to accept them (my neighbors, my friends, my family members). As if I and they, we were the sole (壹) body (體). 125-128 率(Sol) 賓(Bin) 歸(Gwi) 王(Wang) Do you want (率) to get along with somebody (賓) who is not close to me? You can have such a good relation with the person as follows. Please accept somebody to you (歸), who has the favorable relation with you and who has also the good relation with the person (王). Here, the person who has good relation (王) with me and also with the person stands the middle between the upper part (上) and the lower part (下). Saint Joseph, Saint Mary and our Lord Jesus Christ are such persons, because they take part in the close relation between me and other person.

College students encounter a wide range of academic and non-academic challenges that significantly influence their academic performance and overall well-being. This study determined the needs and problems encountered among college students in a higher education institution. A descriptive–quantitative research design was employed using a researcher-made questionnaire administered to 1,390 randomly selected respondents across different colleges. Findings revealed that students have high demands for academic support such as access to learning resources, instructional guidance, and technological facilities. Moreover, non-academic needs including financial assistance, mental health services, and a secure learning environment were also identified as essential. The results further showed that students commonly experience adjustment difficulties, financial constraints, and learning anxiety. Statistical analysis indicated no significant differences in students’ needs when grouped according to most demographic variables. The findings serve as a basis for developing an institutional intervention framework to enhance student support services.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that the thousand character was utilized for very long time from Tchin (秦) dynasty. It had been used more than 2200 years as the textbook for Chinese characters for the children both in Korea and in China. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun (千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). One of those translating methods for Tcheonzamun, there is a deleting method (Kim, 2023). It is not reasonable to consider this method as the translating tool for Tcheonzamun poem. However, the meaningful results were obtained with this method (Kim, 2023). The present work was carried out on the deleting method (Kim, 2023). The range of this work is (Tcheonzamun 737th-752nd). Traditionally, Tcheonzamun was translated on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). Chinese language is on the order of SVO (subject + verb + object). Recently, several researchers tried to translate Tcheonzamun poem on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). Korean language is on the order of SOV (subject + object + verb). There are three translating methods on Korean grammar. The first method is through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). The second method is on Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters (Kim, 2023). The third method is with the deleting method (Kim, 2023). The method for the present study is the third method of deletion of Chinese characters. The title of this study is ‘My husband! Do you make me (your wife) (月(Wol)) bright (日(Il)) from the dark state? Please make me to talk and talk again until the parole (曰) fills up to the bowl (皿) of my mind! (Tcheonzamun 001st-016th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 001-004 天(Tcheon) 地(Zi) 玄(Hyeon) 黃(Hwang). 001-004 天(Tcheon)-一=大. 地(Zi)-亠-一=土. 玄(Hyeon)-亠=幺. 黃(Hwang). My husband! You are the ordinary man like the soil (土). Do you want to become the great man (大)? My husband! You must be good like the wife (幺) and like the child, and you must be not the break-promise (黃). 005-008 宇(Uh) 宙(Zu) 洪(Hong) 荒(Hwang). 005-008 宇(Uh)-宀=于. 宙(Zu)-宀=由. 洪(Hong)-艹-小=氵. 荒(Hwang)-艹-小=亡. My husband! If the wives are going (于) to tell the reason (由) in order to explain their behavior, the dead women (亡) will be increased like the river (氵). 009-012 日(Il) 月(Wol) 盈(Yeong) 昃(Tcheug). 009-012 日(Il). 月(Wol). 盈(Yeong)-乃-又=皿. 昃(Tcheug)-小(乃)-八(又)=曰. My husband! Do you make me (your wife) (月(Wol)) bright (日(Il)) from the dark state? Please make me to talk and talk again until the parole (曰) fills up to the bowl (皿) of my mind! 013-016 辰(Zin) 宿(Sug) 列(Yeol) 張(Zang). 013-016 辰(Zin)-衣-二=丿. 宿(Sug)-一=宀亻日. 列(Yeol). 張(Zang)-衣-三(二一)=弓. My husband! If I (your wife) (人) want to increase (丿) my parole (曰) in our home (宀), what shall I do? My husband! I must imagine that people expand (列) the arrow (弓). In other words, if the wife is going to say enough and sufficiently, she must prepare her death!.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) described in his book that the thousand character essay was long time utilized for Chinese characters for the children both in China and in Korea. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun (千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). Traditionally, the translation of Tcheonzamun has been done on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). However, recently, several researchers tried to translate the masterpiece in Asia (Tcheonzamun) on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). The present study will be carried out on Korean grammar. There are three translating methods on Korean grammar. The first method is the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). It is similar to the translation on Chinese grammar (Han, 1583). However, the order of translation is different. Supposing that the order of Chinese character is ABCD of the line (it is four Chinese characters) on Tcheonzamun. The translating order on Korean grammar is BADC or CDAB. (The translating order on Chinese grammar is ABCD.) The second method is on the deletion of the same or the similar part between the two different Chinese characters on the same line (Kim, 2023). For example, the line is composed of (705-708 省(Seong) 躬(Gung) 譏(Ki) 誡(Kye)). The third translating method is on Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The third method (Kim, 2023) was taken on the present study. The title of this study is ‘Hilye Sarah prays “My Lord, I love my husband Yeonghag! (705-708 省(Seong) 躬(Gung) 譏(Ki) 誡(Kye))” (Tcheonzamun 705th-720th)’. Now, the husband is not faithful to the wife. He has liked another woman. And the next is the pray of the wife to the Lord. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 705-708 省(Seong) 躬(Gung) 譏(Ki) 誡(Kye). “성-기게!” Seong-ki-ke! Oh my Lord! Please, do the penalty to my husband and to the other woman on the broken method! (Seong-ki-ke!) 709-712 寵(Tchong) 增(Zung) 抗(Hang) 極(Geug). “촘촘하게!” Tchom-tchom-ha-ge! Oh My Lord! Please, give the severe penalty to the two persons –my unfaithful husband and the bad woman- on the tight method! (Tchom-tchom-ha-ge!) 713-714 殆(Tae) 辱(Yog). “태워!” Tae-weo! My Lord, I want You to burn (Tae-weo!) the two persons, my husband and the woman! Because the woman did the unfavorable thing with my husband. 715-720 近(Geun) 恥(Ti) 林(Im) 睾(Go) 幸(Haeng) 卽(Zeug). “같이 익게 해줘!” Ga-ti Ig-ge Hae-zweo! My Lord, I want (Hae-zweo!) You to burn the two persons, my unfaithful husband and the bad woman! My Lord, I wish that You will cook (Ig-ge) them together (Ga-ti) in the fire. Hilye Sarah prays “My Lord, I love my husband Yeonghag! (705-708 省(Seong) 躬(Gung) 譏(Ki) 誡(Kye))”.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) introduced the thousand character essay to the Western World. Dallet (1874) described that the thousand character has been used both in China and in Korea for the very long time, and that it was used as the textbook for the Chinese characters for the children. The thousand character essay is called as Tcheonzamun (千字文) in Korea (Han, 1583). It is thought that the Sphinx is the splendid thing in the Western World. The Tcheonzamun is the miraculous thing in the Eastern World. Recently Park et al., (2021) and Kim (2023) translated Tcheonzamun poem in the interesting manner, and they (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023) thought that the theme of the Tcheonzamun poem is the ‘love’ between the husband and the wife. The present study is carried out in the viewpoint of the love between the couple. It is often said that the love is not perfect, but that it is incomplete. In the present study, the condition is very severe between the husband and the wife. Somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was used for this study. The method used in the present study is on the basis of Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). By chance, it is known that the sixteen letters on Tcheonzamun make a poem (Park et al., 2021). There are three methods for the translation on Korean grammar (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). On the present study, the translation was done on Korean pronunciation of Chinese characters (Kim, 2023). The range of this study is of (Tcheonzamun 721st-736th). This work concerns the translation of Tcheonzamun poem. The title of this study is ‘It is you Hyeonhi who made me(Augustin) happy on the very difficult life in Japan! (沈(Tchim) 默(Meug) 寂(Zyeog) 寥(Yo)) (Tcheonzamun 721st-736th)’. The present researchers do not judge whether the following curses will be to her husband or not. The curses might be to the woman whom her husband likes. Anyway, the next is the pray of the wife to the living Lord! <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation in Korean language). Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in Korean alphabet. Modified pronunciation of Chinese character on Korean language in English alphabet >. 721-726 兩(Yang) 疏(So) 見(Gyeon) 機(Gi) 解(Hae) 組(Zo) “양손 끊기 해줘!” Yang-son Geun-gi Hae-zwo! My Lord! I wish (Hae-zwo!) that You cut (Geun-gi) the both hands (Yang-son) of the person! 727- 732 誰(Shyu) 逼(Pib) 索(Saeg) 居(Keo) 閑(Han) 處(Tchyeo). “슬피 살게한 채!” Seul-pi Sal-ke-han Tche! Oh My Lord! I wish that You make (Tche!) the person to live (Sal-ke-han) unhappily (Seul-pi)! 733-736 沈(Tchim) 默(Meug) 寂(Zyeog) 寥(Yo). “침을 뱉어 줘요! Tchim-eul Baet-eo Zweo-yo! My Lord! I wish (zweo-yo!) that You will spit (Tchim-eul Baet-eo) at my opponent contemptuously. “It is you Hyeonhi who made me(Augustin) happy on the very difficult life in Japan!”.